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平安夜吃“平安果”：我們一起來聊聊關于蘋果的那些事兒

2019-12-24 16:21:31 來源：農機網原創 作者：四夕 閱讀量：52976 評論

　　【農機網 編輯視角】12月24日，今天是圣誕前夕(Christmas Eve)平安夜，隨著中西文化融合已然成為了一個世界性的節日。包裝精美的“平安果”開始在大街小巷兜售，其實所謂的“平安果”就是用一個個色澤鮮艷、樣子好看的進口蘋果裝扮而成的，多為紅蛇果、青蛇果。
 
　　“平安果”摔碎了叫“歲歲平安”，紅事送棗是“早生貴子”、元宵節要吃得“團團圓圓”一樣是通過諧音表達祝愿，蘋果的“蘋”與平安夜的“平”同音，寓意“平安祥和”。平安夜來臨之際，我們來聊聊關于蘋果的那些事兒。
 
　　蘋果價格飆升，果農有獲利嗎？
 
　　每當臨近圣誕節，各地蘋果的價格可以說竄的速度比今年豬肉價格都快，蘋果已經不是按斤賣，而是按個出售。
 
　　圣誕節在中國興起以后，商家們對蘋果進行包裝美化，使之搖身一變就成為了身價倍增的“平安果”，蘋果價格在平安夜到來之前出現大幅度上漲。但是，果農要想從中獲利卻沒那么簡單。
 
　　平安夜蘋果價格的變動時效性短，也大多是在城市時興，對于農村朋友們來講其實并沒有太大效應，果農并沒有多少零售機會，而主產區大部分大中優質果也都早被收購商收購入庫。此外，蘋果價格急劇上升很大原因是被一些商家炒作起來的，這樣的價格變化并不會維持太久，一旦過了平安夜以后，蘋果的價格還會回歸到原來的市場行情中去，甚至可能還會更低。
 
　　影響蘋果價格的因素還以天氣等因素為主，今年年初，我國蘋果主要產區的山東、陜西等地，由于去年受天氣等因素的影響，總體減產三成左右，導致存儲數量總體不足，供應不足推高價格。而電商平臺下沉農村市場，多元化的銷售渠道使得果農擁有更多銷售選擇和議價權，在一定程度上可能影響蘋果價格。
 
　　不要陷入重外觀輕品質的銷售誤區
 
　　平安夜那些售價高昂的蘋果還有一個共同點，那就是：外觀好看。好吃的蘋果和好看的蘋果哪個更重要？很多人肯定信誓旦旦地說：“那肯定是好吃才重要！”但是，從銷量來看卻并非如此。對很多果農來說，好看的蘋果意味著有銷路，為了迎合收購商喜好而陷入了重外觀輕品質的銷售誤區，花費人力物力給蘋果套袋，慢慢蘋果自然變了“味道”。
 
　　綜觀各行各業，制定合理的標準規范是其發展過程中的重要基礎。農業農村部全面推進農業標準體系、評價體系建設。截至目前，制定發布農業國家標準和行業標準14077項，涉及了農業產地環境、投入品、生產過程、產品質量、安全限量、檢測方法、包裝標識、儲存運輸等方面，進一步保障農業產業安全、推動農業高質量和綠色發展。
 
　　而在蘋果標準化生產方面，我國也一直在努力。2014年以來，西藏自治區與四川省簽訂農牧科技戰略合作協議，西藏蘋果產業加強了新品種、新技術、新模式的推廣應用。通過引進果樹優良品種、開展技術攻關、創建“產業技術平臺+示范縣+基地+種植大戶(專業合作社)”應用推廣模式等途徑，打造蘋果標準化種植模式。
 
　　農業保險：為果農保駕護航
 
　　平安夜蘋果價格高位的曇花一現并不能給果農足夠的信心，市場蘋果產量的供過于求、運輸和倉儲的成本增加、進口水果的沖擊、天氣的變化等等都使得果農沮喪不已，修剪、施肥、保護果實，費盡人力物力，蘋果高產后面臨的卻可能是庫存積壓的結果，農產品滯銷的案例比比皆是。
 
　　由于掌握市場信息有限，對于市場的風險評估不足，相對經濟基礎薄弱農戶缺乏自我消化風險的能力，一旦面臨較大的市場波動，往往可能“傷筋動骨”、“一蹶不振”。作為一種重要的風險轉移工具，農業保險是保障農民利益的“后一道屏障”，購買農業保險來規避風險是很有必要的。
 
　　自2007年財政部實施農業保險保費補貼政策以來，不斷加大支持力度，商業性農業保險逐步轉變為政策性農業保險，進一步推動農業保險“擴面、提標、增品”。完善農業保險政策，推進稻谷、小麥、玉米完全成本保險和收入保險試點；擴大農業大災保險試點和“保險+期貨”試點；探索對地方優勢特色農產品保險實施以獎代補試點。
 
　　在此，農機網也祝大家圣誕節快樂，別忘了吃“平安果”哦！

上一篇： 數據圖表：解讀70年來我國農業生產及機械化發展狀況

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