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開展時間: 2025-03-26
舉辦單位: 內蒙古農牧業機械行業協會、內蒙古自治區經濟發展與研究促進會
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地點: 合肥市
開展時間: 2025-03-27
舉辦單位: 上海市貿促會、安徽省貿促會
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地點: 無錫市
開展時間: 2025-03-29
舉辦單位: 中國機電產品流通協會、無錫市機床工具行業協會、無錫市工業和信息化局
打好種業翻身仗,全國農業優異種質資源近日發布
2021-11-24
16:26:45
來源:農機網整理發布 閱讀量:40648
評論
【農機網 熱點關注】 農業種質資源是國家戰略性資源,事關種業振興全局。新形勢下開展全國性的農業種質資源普查,加快摸清資源家底、實施搶救性收集保護、發掘一批優異新資源,已成為實現種業科技自立自強、種源自主可控的一項緊迫任務,對打好種業翻身仗、推進種業振興意義重大。
黨中央、國務院高度重視種質資源工作。今年中央一號文件和《政府工作報告》明確把加強種質資源保護利用列為重點工作。3月23日,全國農業種質資源普查電視電話會議召開,會議指出,做好農業種質資源普查和保護是打好種業翻身仗的第一仗。7月9日,習近平總書記主持中央深改委第二十次會議,強調要打牢種質資源基礎,做好資源普查收集、鑒定評價工作,切實保護好、利用好。中央印發的種業振興行動方案將農業種質資源保護列為首要行動,把種質資源普查作為種業振興“一年開好頭、三年打基礎”的首要任務。
11月23日,農業農村部就全國農業優異種質資源及資源普查進展情況召開新聞發布會。會上,農業農村部種業管理司副司長孫好勤介紹了今年3月啟動的新中國歷史上規模最大的農業種質資源普查相關情況。
孫好勤表示,農業農村部認真貫徹落實黨中央、國務院決策部署,在有關部門的大力支持下,在全國啟動了農作物、畜禽和水產種質資源普查,組織規模之大、覆蓋范圍之廣、技術要求之高、參與人員之多,都是歷史上沒有過的。重點從四個方面入手:一是強化統一部署。農業農村部印發了全國農業種質資源普查工作方案,從今年起,利用3年時間,全面完成農作物、畜禽和水產資源普查,摸清資源的種類、數量、分布和性狀等家底,搶救性收集保護一批珍稀、瀕危、特有資源,實現應收盡收、應保盡保。二是強化上下聯動。部里成立了資源普查工作領導小組,分別設立農作物、畜禽、水產普查工作辦公室和技術專家組。各省份也成立了相應的組織。縣級進一步加強力量配備,確保全國一盤棋部署、一體化推進。三是強化科技支撐。這次普查專業性、技術性都很強,全國自上而下組織了多種形式的技術培訓,累計培訓超過300萬人次。充分運用信息化手段,開通了普查網站,研發了信息系統PC端和手機APP,有效提高普查效率和精準性。四是強化調度指導。建立了月調度制度,及時通報普查工作進展。部領導帶隊赴黑龍江、海南、西藏、青海等地方開展調研指導,中國工程院劉旭院士帶領專家組,先后赴吉林、甘肅、云南等10省區市巡回指導。各地也加大督促力度,推動普查落實落地。
孫好勤介紹,截至目前,農作物種質資源方面已全部完成共2323個縣的普查與征集,畜禽方面行政村普查覆蓋率達到97.6%,水產方面普查覆蓋率超過95%,普查工作取得了階段性成效。一是發現了一大批新資源。新收集農作物種質資源2.08萬份,新發現鑒定畜禽遺傳資源18個,新收集水產養殖種質資源3萬余份。這些資源有的年代久遠、有的珍稀瀕危、有的承載了農耕文明和傳統文化,特別是填補了青藏高原畜禽遺傳資源普查的空白。水產普查也發現了一批地方特色資源。二是搶救保護了一批珍稀資源。新采集豬、馬、牛、羊、鹿、駱駝等6大畜種的遺傳材料5萬份。中山麻鴨、上海水牛等瀕臨滅絕品種,在這次普查中重新發現并得到妥善保護,這進一步堅定了我們做好普查工作的信心和決心,也是這次普查中重大的收獲。值得高興的是,從今年開始,中央財政新增資金1.15億元,用于保護159個國家級畜禽遺傳資源,這些資源“國寶”從此也有穩定的口糧了。各地也加大了普查保護投入力度。三是國家級種質資源庫建設取得重要進展。目前,國家農作物種質資源庫已于9月份完成建設并投入試運行,國家畜禽種質資源庫7月份已批準立項,國家海洋漁業生物種質資源庫10月份已正式投入運行。此外,國家農業微生物種質資源庫升級改造有關工作也開始啟動。這些都是我國農業種質資源長期戰略保存的重要設施,是“國之重器”。
近期,農業農村部組織專家分別遴選出10大農作物、10大畜禽、10大水產優異資源,今天予以發布。農作物10大優異種質資源有:莊紅貢米、濮陽莛子麥、珍珠玉米、海蘿卜、芹菜、維西糯山藥、芮棗、大果型野生獼猴桃、達川烏梅、永興棉花;畜禽10大優異種質資源有:查吾拉牦牛、帕米爾牦牛、涼山黑綿羊、瑪格綿羊、崗巴綿羊、霍爾巴綿羊、多瑪綿羊、蘇格綿羊、澤庫羊、阿克雞;水產10大優異種質資源有:長江刀魚、鱇浪白魚、中華鳑鲏、黑斑原鮡、黃唇魚、黃鰭金槍魚、錦繡龍蝦、中華圓田螺、中華鱟、紅毛菜。
農業種質資源普查保護時間緊迫、責任重大。普查工作在各級黨委政府、有關部門、相關單位、普查隊員的共同努力下,在廣大農牧民的積極參與下,克服疫情、自然災害等不利因素,取得了積極進展,并為下步工作打下良好基礎。
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