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欲速則不達：農機合作社管理機制待完善

2016-06-20 16:43:07 來源：中國農機網 作者：sydneylulu 閱讀量：26826 評論

 　　【中國農機網 本站原創】近年來，農業機械化已經進入了一個快速發展階段，發展農業機械化必須大力發展農機社會化服務組織，而其佳組織形式是組建農機經濟合作組織。農機專業合作社在農機社會化服務體系建設和現代農業建設中正發揮著越來越重要的作用。然而，在農機合作社蓬勃發展的熱潮中，筆者不禁思考：發展農機合作社的真正意義在哪里？它是否真正發揮了作用？發展過程中一帆風順沒有任何問題？綜觀農機合作社的大多數問題，其實問題在于管理。
　　

       農機化進入發展快車道 設立合作社很有必要
　　
　　各地農機專業合作社蓬勃興起，使農機服務的產業鏈進一步延長，較好地解決農民以往“有機找活難、有活無機干”的弊端，有效化解了長期存在的機械利用率低、產出效益差等癥結，通過實行自主經營、自主管理、自主發展的農機化運作模式，使農機生產與市場取得良性對接，增強了農機服務群體抗御風險的能力，解決了集體經濟“統”不起來、國家經濟部門包攬不了、農民單家獨戶辦不了的事，成為農業、農機社會化服務體系的重要組成部分。
　　
　　長話短說：發展農機合作社有四大益處
　　
　　有利于提高農機具的使用效率，提高工作效率，大縮短了“三夏”、“三秋”的作業時間。
　　
　　有利于加速農業的新機具、新技術的推廣，促進農業的機械化裝備水平。
　　
　　有利于提高組織化程度。通過機具、資金、技術、人才等整合，合理地調劑了農機具的有償使用，起到了整合農業生產要素的作用，解決了農機部門包不了、村級集體統不了、一家一戶干不了的問題，滿足了農戶之間對農業機械的不同需求，提高了農業機械的使用率，帶動了農業機械化的發展。
　　
　　有利于打破小農意識，增強會員的團結協作精神。有了合作組織的統一調度安排和統一收費標準，保證作業質量、避免無序競爭。
　　
　　有效帶動農民發展農機化的積極性
　　
　　近幾年來，各地開始陸續開展農機化服務組織建設，開展農機專業合作社建設，農機專業合作社的建設加快了各地農機服務社會化、市場化、產業化的發展步伐。重點扶持發展農機專業合作社，指導農機專業合作社制定章程制度，并上墻公布，幫助他們謀化固定辦公場所、機具庫、配件庫、油料庫等基礎設施建設。
　　
　　結合農機示范村建設，與上級農機管理部門和財政部門溝通，對部分典型合作社機庫、維修間等建設給予適當的補助。對農機專業合作社聘用的人員優先進行培訓，優先為農機合作社提供市場信息、技術培訓等服務，優先發放跨區作業證。
　　
　　農機專業合作社的建設與發展，帶動了農民發展農機化的積極性，改善了農機裝備結構，提高了農機社會化服務功能，助推了農業增效，有利于促進農民增收，提高了各地農業機械化水平，增進了現代農業發展進程，在實現各地農業機械化跨越式發展中起到了積極的推動作用。
　　
　　盡管如此，農機專業合作社發展中還是存在一些不可忽視的問題：
　　
　　管理分散，基礎設施建設薄弱：隨著人們對農機專業合作社的發展逐漸認識，發展農機專業合作社的積極性也越來越高。但在某些方面同時也制約了合作社的發展。在合作社發展中，在給予農機專業合作購買機具實行補貼的同時，應加強對基礎設施的投入，如合作社的建設機庫、修理間、油料間，做到統一規劃、統一施工，并給予經濟補助。現在的農機作業費太高，主要是油料漲幅太高，導致農機作業費上漲，對農機專業合作作業應適當給予油料補貼，促進農機專業合作健康穩定發展。
　　
　　有的農機專業合作社雖然組織農機手在工商部門注冊辦起了合作社，但實際上幾乎這些合作社還是分散式管理，根本沒組織起來統一管理、統一作業、統一服務，沒有真正發揮農機專業合作社的作用。大部分農機專業合作社沒有完整的制度，基礎設施建設薄弱，沒有固定的辦公場所，即使有辦公場所，也是相當簡陋。沒有機具庫、油料間和修理間，機具長年裸露停在室外，減少了機具的使用壽命。
　　

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