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農(nóng)膜說：“正在毀滅我們下一代”這個鍋我也不背

2017-09-22 16:07:31 來源：中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 作者：小虎牙 閱讀量：52598 評論

　　【中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 本站原創(chuàng)】 近日一篇《外賣，正在毀滅我們的下一代》的文章迅速席卷朋友圈，文中矛頭直指外賣，將外賣妖魔化，上升到了環(huán)境污染的大問題，甚至看完會有一種未來自己將親手用垃圾將自己埋葬的即視感。不得不說，這篇文章貼近生活，作者很好地抓住了大眾的心理，以及大批的數(shù)據(jù)、科普知識和傾倒垃圾的圖片代入感極強。據(jù)《第40次中國互聯(lián)網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r統(tǒng)計報告》提出，食品安全和送餐交通安全仍是外賣行業(yè)面臨的兩大發(fā)展難題，但并未涉及外賣餐盒垃圾帶來的環(huán)境污染問題。
 
　　隨著生活節(jié)奏的加快，人們普遍追求和便利，同時食品安全衛(wèi)生也是一個不容忽視的大問題，于是塑料飯盒、塑料袋等一次性制品迅速進(jìn)入人們的日常生活，的確，這些一次性制品的出現(xiàn)在給人們的生活帶來極大便利的同時，也正在一步步吞噬我們的生存環(huán)境，造成嚴(yán)重的“白色污染”。外賣之所以被“妖魔化”，與一次性飯盒和餐具有很大關(guān)系，這是白色污染的源頭。所謂白色污染，廣義上是指塑料垃圾污染，狹義上一般指一次性飯盒，農(nóng)用地膜因其塑料制品特性也被劃入白色污染行列。
 
　　我國是世界上塑料制品生產(chǎn)和消費國之一，北京市每年廢棄在環(huán)境中的塑料袋約23億個，一次性塑料餐具約2.2億個，值得注意的是廢農(nóng)膜約675萬平方米。
 
　　農(nóng)膜薄膜塑料，包括地膜(也叫農(nóng)用地膜)，主要用于覆蓋農(nóng)田，起到提高地溫、保持土壤濕度、促進(jìn)種子發(fā)芽和幼苗快速增長的作用，可以有效促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展。然而使用完的殘舊農(nóng)膜在自然環(huán)境中往往需要上百年才能完全分解，在分解過程中會釋放出一定的有毒物質(zhì)，不僅會抑制土壤微生物的生長、降低土壤肥力，還直接破壞土壤的理化結(jié)構(gòu)。
 
　　多年來農(nóng)膜殘留帶來的“白色污染”問題越來越嚴(yán)重，引起國家高度重視。農(nóng)業(yè)部2017年印發(fā)的《農(nóng)業(yè)部關(guān)于實施農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展五大行動的通知》，地膜回收也在行動之列，關(guān)于如何治理也提出了要求；在政策方面，國家啟動農(nóng)用地膜標(biāo)準(zhǔn)修訂工作，農(nóng)機購置補貼范圍中殘膜回收機赫然在列，2017年更是對殘膜回收機實行敞開補貼政策，可見國家對殘膜治理的堅強決心；在資金投入方面，農(nóng)業(yè)行業(yè)科技投資2000多萬，設(shè)立地膜回收機具研發(fā)專項，2016年，中央財政撥付10億元探索殘膜回收防治方法。
 
　　為什么“限塑令”實施多年之后陷入名存實亡的尷尬境地？因為市場力量是巨大且不可控的。與其妖魔化外賣，肆意渲染塑料的可怕，不如想辦法將白色污染降到小才是我們應(yīng)該做的。“白色污染”給我們的日常生活帶來極大安全隱患，甚至有些危害已經(jīng)浮出“水面”，食物、自來水也逐漸被檢測出“微塑料”。對此，農(nóng)膜企業(yè)要加快速度開發(fā)可商業(yè)化、經(jīng)濟化生物薄膜或降解薄膜，在政府營造的有利環(huán)境下，促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模化，推動生物農(nóng)膜和可降解農(nóng)膜市場化，減少白色污染，創(chuàng)造健康環(huán)保的生存環(huán)境。
 

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